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Synchronous bilateral primary breast cancer refers to the simultaneous occurrence of primary cancers in both breasts. The overall morbidity is low. However, with the detection of occult breast cancer increasing recently, it shows an upward trend. The pathogenesis is not yet clear, old age, family history of primary breast cancer, sclerosing adenopathy of precancerous lesions and pathological characteristics of first cancer are currently recognized risk factors. Compared with unilateral breast cancer, prognosis for synchronous bilateral primary breast cancer is poor. Raise the risk awareness of high-risk women, check regularly to find non-palpable lesions as soon as possible. By taking various preventive treatments for patients with high-risk unilateral breast cancer, the incidence of breast cancer can be effectively reduced and the prognosis of patients can be improved. By reviewing the literature at home and abroad, it systematically expounds the risk factors, histopathological features, prognosis and preventive treatment of synchronous bilateral breast cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the risk factors of lymph node metastasis in the cervical region VI (central region) in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) of cN0 stage, and then to determine whether to perform prophylactic central lymph node dissection.Methods:The clinical data of 500 patients with PTMC who underwent surgery from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015 in Ningbo First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Due to the pathological results, all patients were divided into two groups: central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) positive group and CLNM negative group. SPSS18.0 was used for analyzing.Results:Of the 500 cases of PTMC of cN0 stage, 142 cases had lymph node metastasis. Gender, the maximum tumor diameter, tumor invasion outside the gland, boundary, calcification in tumor, single or multiple lesions, aspect ratio and blood flow were risk factors for CLNM in patients with PTMC of cN0 stage. Multivariate analysis identified that male ( P=0.014) , tumor size ≥0.5 cm ( P=0.03) , tumor invasion outside the gland ( P=0.003) , unclear boundary ( P=0.032) , calcification ( P=0.009) , aspect ratio ≥1 ( P=0.001) were independent predictors factors for CLNM of PTMC. Conclusion:Male, unclear boundary, tumor size ≥0.5cm, tumor invasion outside the gland, calcification, aspect ratio ≥1 are the risk factors of CLNM in patients with cN0 PTMC. Prophylactic central lymph node dissection should be performed for patients without lymph node metastasis but with one risk factor or more.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of miR-4443 expression on migration and invasion of breast cancer.@*METHODS@#We examined the expression of miR-4443 in breast carcinoma in situ and paired adjacent tissues from 3 breast cancer patients with high-throughput sequencing and verified the results using TCGA database. We also detected miR-4443 expressions using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in low invasive and highly invasive breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively). The changes in apoptosis, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells after transfection with miR-4443 mimics, mimics-NC, miR-4443 inhibitor or inhibitor-NC were analyzed using flow cytometry, wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay. The target gene of miR-4443 was predicted by bioinformatics software and validated by a dual luciferase reporter gene system. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of recombinant human phosphatidyl ethanolamine binding protein 1 (PEBP1) in the transfected cells.@*RESULTS@#The expression of miR-4443 was significantly higher in the breast cancer tissues than in the adjacent tissues (@*CONCLUSIONS@#MiR-4443 promotes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of PEBP1, suggesting the possibility of suppressing miR-4443 expression as a potential therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , MCF-7 Cells , MicroRNAs/genetics , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding ProteinABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood for the outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods Consecutive inpatients with intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed with the head CT were entolled.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the functional outcomes at 90 d,0-2 wvas defined as good outcome,3-6 were defined as poor outcome,and 6 was defined as death.Univariate analysis was used to compare the demographic characteristics,baseline data,imaging,and laboratory findings between the groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between NLR and the outcomes,and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of NLR for the outcomes.Results A total of 205 patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in the study,107 (52.2％) had poor outcome and 57 (27.8％) died.There were significant differences in age (P=0.038),Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores (P=0.001),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (P =0.001),neutrophil count (P =0.005),lymphocyte count (P =0.002),NLR (P =0.001),fasting blood glucose (P =0.012),hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (P=0.002),hematoma volume (P =0.005),and proportion of bleeding into the ventricles (P =0.002) between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group.There were significant differences in age (P =0.002),previous stroke (P =0.018),GCS scores (P =0.001),NIHSS scores (P =0.001),neutrophil count (P=0.008),lymphocyte count (P=0.001),NLR (P=0.001),fasting blood glucose (P=0.016),hematoma volume (P=0.001),and proportion of bleeding into ventricle (P=0.002) between the death group and the survival group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent predictive factor for poor outcome (odds ratio [OR] 2.405,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.613-3.587;P=0.001) and death (OR 2.268,95％ CI 1.532-3.358;P =0.001) after adjusting for confounders.The ROC curve analysis showed that NLR had a higher predictive value for poor outcome at 90 d (area under the ROC curve 0.703,95％ CI 0.632-0.774;P ＜ 0.001).When the cutoff value was 2.3,the sensitivity and specificity were 61.7％ and 72.4％,respectively.NLR also had a predictive value for death within 90 d (area under the ROC curve 0.706,95％ CI 0.629-0.786;P =0.003).When the cutoff value was 2.2,the sensitivity and specificity were 63.2％ and 72.6％,respectively.Conclusion NLR may have certain predict value for outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Objective To investigate the predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood for the outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods Consecutive inpatients with intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed with the head CT were entolled.The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the functional outcomes at 90 d,0-2 wvas defined as good outcome,3-6 were defined as poor outcome,and 6 was defined as death.Univariate analysis was used to compare the demographic characteristics,baseline data,imaging,and laboratory findings between the groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between NLR and the outcomes,and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of NLR for the outcomes.Results A total of 205 patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in the study,107 (52.2％) had poor outcome and 57 (27.8％) died.There were significant differences in age (P=0.038),Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores (P=0.001),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (P =0.001),neutrophil count (P =0.005),lymphocyte count (P =0.002),NLR (P =0.001),fasting blood glucose (P =0.012),hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (P=0.002),hematoma volume (P =0.005),and proportion of bleeding into the ventricles (P =0.002) between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group.There were significant differences in age (P =0.002),previous stroke (P =0.018),GCS scores (P =0.001),NIHSS scores (P =0.001),neutrophil count (P=0.008),lymphocyte count (P=0.001),NLR (P=0.001),fasting blood glucose (P=0.016),hematoma volume (P=0.001),and proportion of bleeding into ventricle (P=0.002) between the death group and the survival group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent predictive factor for poor outcome (odds ratio [OR] 2.405,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.613-3.587;P=0.001) and death (OR 2.268,95％ CI 1.532-3.358;P =0.001) after adjusting for confounders.The ROC curve analysis showed that NLR had a higher predictive value for poor outcome at 90 d (area under the ROC curve 0.703,95％ CI 0.632-0.774;P ＜ 0.001).When the cutoff value was 2.3,the sensitivity and specificity were 61.7％ and 72.4％,respectively.NLR also had a predictive value for death within 90 d (area under the ROC curve 0.706,95％ CI 0.629-0.786;P =0.003).When the cutoff value was 2.2,the sensitivity and specificity were 63.2％ and 72.6％,respectively.Conclusion NLR may have certain predict value for outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
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OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the economic effectiveness of different pharmacotherapeutic schemes for the same disease.METHODS： Using pharmacoeconomical cost-effectiveness analysis， six schemes for upper urinary tract infections were compared.RESULTS： The total effective rate and cost were both the lowest in group B(70.00％ ).The cost-effectiveness ratios of A， B， C， D， E， F were 28.60、 19.13、 43.27、 29.99、 43.02、 29.14， respectively.They became 23.65、 18.01、 34.00、 24.87、 33.91、 24.20 by sensitivity.CONCLUSION： The A and F were both the most inexpensive and effective schemes.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and future trend of drugs for cardiovascular diseases in our hospital METHODS:By using the 《China pharmaceutical information net》 adopted in the Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,the drug consumption was statistically analysed RESULTS:Sum and daily cost of drug-consumption for cardiovascular diseases assumed an increasing tendency CONCLUSION:The drugs for cardiovascular diseases are complicated in classification and numerous in kind,therefore we should rationally use them